Exploring Lemmings as Pets: Requirements, Challenges, and Responsible Ownership

Photo by Sotiris Savvides on Unsplash

Introduction: Are Lemmings Suitable as Pets?

Lemmings, small rodents native to cold and temperate climates, have fascinated animal lovers for generations. The question of whether lemmings can be kept as pets is complex, involving both their biological needs and ethical considerations. While some species, such as the steppe lemming, are kept as pets in certain regions, others remain rare or challenging to care for in captivity. This guide explores what it takes to keep a lemming as a pet, the unique requirements involved, and how to determine if this exotic rodent is the right choice for your household.

Understanding Lemming Species in Pet Care

The most commonly kept lemming in captivity is the steppe lemming (
Lagurus lagurus
), which is well known in Europe as a domestic vole. In the United States and Canada, lemmings are still considered exotic pets, rarely found in conventional pet stores [1] . Other species, such as the Arctic lemming , are seldom kept as pets due to their specialized habitat requirements and solitary nature [2] .

Steppe lemmings are social by nature and live in colonies in the wild. However, their social dynamics can become complex and even aggressive in captivity, especially if space or resources are limited [1] .

Habitat and Enclosure Requirements

Providing an appropriate habitat is essential for lemming welfare. Steppe lemmings require a cage that is larger than those typically used for other small rodents. A glass aquarium with a secure mesh lid is often recommended, as it prevents escape and allows for deep bedding to encourage natural digging behaviors [1] . For Arctic lemmings, maintaining a cooler environment (between 55 and 75Â°F/13-24Â°C) is crucial to mimic their native conditions and reduce stress [2] .

Inside the enclosure, provide:

Wood shavings or aspen as a substrate for burrowing
Straw or hay for nesting
Tunnels, toys, and branches to stimulate activity and natural behaviors
Multiple nesting sites and entrances to reduce territorial disputes

It is important to clean the enclosure weekly to prevent the buildup of bacteria and maintain a hygienic space for your pets [2] .

Diet and Nutrition

Lemmings have unique dietary needs. Steppe lemmings, for instance, are sugar intolerant and can develop severe health issues if fed improper foods [3] . Their diet should consist mainly of:

Fresh leafy greens and dried grass (25-50% of the diet)
A hamster food or bird seed mix without dried fruit or sugars
Access to clean, fresh water at all times

Do not feed steppe lemmings fruits, sweet treats, or human food, as even small amounts of sugar can be harmful or fatal [3] . Arctic lemmings are herbivores and should be offered mosses, grasses, and tundra-style vegetation in captivity [2] .

Social Behavior and Group Dynamics

Steppe lemmings are social animals, but their group dynamics are nuanced. In captivity, it is generally safe to house three to eight steppe lemmings together, with a ratio of no more than one male for every two or three females to reduce aggression [1] . If kept together for extended periods, however, lemmings may become territorial or hostile, especially if space or resources are inadequate. Providing multiple nesting areas with more than one entrance can help prevent bullying and injuries.

In contrast, Arctic lemmings are more solitary and may become aggressive if housed with others. If you are considering keeping Arctic lemmings, it is best to house them singly and monitor their behavior closely [2] .

Handling, Taming, and Lifespan

Lemmings, particularly steppe lemmings, are intelligent, inquisitive creatures that can become tame with gentle handling. They are rarely aggressive towards humans, but should always be supervised when outside their enclosure due to their lack of fear of heights and little situational awareness [3] . Never leave a lemming unattended on high surfaces, as falls can result in injury.

With proper care, steppe lemmings typically live between one and two years, with some individuals exceeding two years in captivity [1] . Lifespans can be shortened by improper diet, overcrowding, or stress.

Challenges and Ethical Considerations

Keeping lemmings as pets presents challenges not found with more conventional rodents like hamsters or gerbils. Their specific dietary and environmental needs, social dynamics, and susceptibility to stress mean they are best suited for experienced keepers or those willing to commit significant time and research to their care [3] . Inappropriate husbandry can lead to health problems, aggression, and shortened lifespan.

Additionally, availability of lemmings as pets varies by region and they are considered exotic animals in many countries. Before acquiring a lemming, check local regulations and consult with exotic pet veterinarians to ensure you can meet their needs. As captive breeding is preferred to wild capture, look for reputable breeders or specialist exotic pet stores, and avoid supporting illegal wildlife trade.

Steps to Acquiring and Caring for a Lemming

Research local and national regulations regarding the ownership of exotic pets, including lemmings. Contact your local animal control office or wildlife agency for guidance if needed.
Identify reputable breeders or exotic pet specialists by searching online for “steppe lemming breeders” or contacting exotic pet forums and communities. Some pet shops specializing in small mammals may carry steppe lemmings, though availability can be limited.
Prepare a suitable enclosure, ensuring it is large, secure, and enriched with tunnels, bedding, and hiding places. Maintain appropriate temperature and humidity for the species.
Source appropriate food, avoiding any with sugars or dried fruit. Consult with exotic pet veterinarians or specialized retailers for dietary advice.
Establish a relationship with a veterinarian experienced in exotic rodents. Regular health checks are recommended to prevent and address any issues early.
Commit to daily care, including cleaning, feeding, and monitoring for any signs of stress or illness.

If you are unable to find a local specialist, consider reaching out to online communities for advice and referrals. Always prioritize the welfare of the animal and your ability to meet its unique needs.

Alternatives and Additional Resources

If you are interested in small, exotic rodents but are unsure about keeping a lemming, there are alternative pets that may be more widely available and easier to care for, such as gerbils, hamsters, or mice. These animals have similar behaviors and care requirements but are more established in the pet trade and supported by a wider range of resources.

For up-to-date care guides, search for reputable small animal organizations, consult with local veterinarians, or join online forums dedicated to exotic rodent enthusiasts. If you are seeking a specialist breeder, use search terms like “steppe lemming breeder USA” or “exotic rodent specialist UK” and review user feedback before proceeding.

Key Takeaways

Lemmings can be kept as pets, particularly the steppe lemming, but require specialized care that goes beyond the needs of more common pet rodents. Prospective owners should research thoroughly, prepare appropriate habitats, and seek advice from experienced keepers or veterinarians. Ethical sourcing and responsible husbandry are critical to the health and welfare of these fascinating, yet demanding, creatures.